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reporting requirements of the EU MRV Regulation
and the IMO DCS. Furthermore, in April 2018, the
IMO agreed on an Initial Strategy for the reduction
of GHG emissions from ships to reduce total annual
GHG emissions from international shipping by at
least 50% by 2050, compared to 2008.

IMO- levels of ambition
The Initial Strategy’s levels of ambition are:
(i) Strengthening the energy efficiency design
requirements for ships to reduce their carbon
intensity (ii) Reducing CO2 emissions per transport
work, as an average across international shipping, by
at least 40% by 2030, pursuing efforts towards 70%
by 2050, compared to 2008. (iii) Pursuing efforts
consistent with the Paris Agreement temperature
goals - the 2015 Paris Agreement was agreed
upon by parties to the United Nations Framework
Convention on Climate Change, according to which
the global temperature rise this century should be
kept well below 2 degrees, and preferably to 1.5
degrees Celsius, compared to pre-industrial levels.

The advantages and disadvantages of incorporating
by Directive 2018/410 emphasises the international shipping into EU-ETS, according to the ECSA-
need to act on shipping emissions. ICS study dated July 2020
– Monitoring, reporting and verification – Potential advantages: it is a proven
(MRV) is to be effected according to mechanism for allocating carbon permits
Regulation 2015/757 (as amended by and trading platforms; by allowing the
Delegated Regulation 2016/2071) - EU price on carbon, it is ensured that CO2
MRV Regulation. emissions are reduced in the most
– The European Commission also supports economical way; the already-implemented
the implementation of international energy EU MRV system for ships trading
efficiency rules and standards, i.e., the internationally to and from the EU can
Energy Efficiency Design Index (EEDI) and serve as a basis for the implementation
the Ship Energy Efficiency Management of the EU-ETS in shipping.
Plan (SEEMP). – Potential disadvantages: risk of
undermining IMO negotiations on the
Obligations of companies under the EU MRV Regulation implementation of the Initial Strategy on
From 2019, the companies, through THETIS MRV, the Reduction of GHG from Ships; greater
submit to the Commission and the flag States a uncertainty over the price of emitting a
satisfactorily verified emissions report for each ship tonne of CO2, as it depends on supply and
that has performed maritime transport activities demand; significant administrative burden
in the European Economic Area in the previous and cost compared to other MBMs;
calendar year. In addition, from 2019, companies unlikely to address the complexity of the
shall ensure that their vessels visiting ports in shipping market (numerous ship types,
the European Economic Area carry on board a contractual relationships, etc.); funds
document of compliance issued by THETIS MRV by raised from carbon allowances bought by
June of each year; this obligation may be subject to the shipping sector are not retained in the
inspections by Member States’ authorities. shipping sector.

IMO Data collection system and the initial greenhouse Proposal for an International Maritime Research and
emissions strategy Development Fund
In March 2018, the IMO adopted a mandatory Fuel In March/April 2020, ICS, BIMCO, CLIA,
Oil Data Collection System (DCS), which came into INTERCARGO, INTERFERRY, INTERTANKO,
effect on 1 January 2019, by which ships calling into IPTA and WSC submitted to the IMO a Proposal
European Economic Area ports must comply with the to establish an International Maritime Research

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